The Effect of Closed House Density Near the Outlet on the Production of Carcass, Non-carcass, and Abdominal Fat of Finisher Broilers
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the closed-house cage density near the outlet that affected the production of carcass, non-carcass, and abdominal fat of finisher phase broilers and to ascertain the number of closed-house cage density that could produce the ideal amount of carcass, non-carcass, and low abdominal fat. The experiment employed a completely randomized design with four treatments: T0 (10 birds per square meter), T1 (12 birds per square meter), T2 (14 birds per square meter), and T3 (16 birds per square meter). It was replicated five times using different numbers of broilers in each replication depending on the cage density. The observed variables were live weight, carcass weight, percentage of carcass, percentage of non-carcass, and percentage of abdominal fat. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and further tested with Duncan's multiple-range test. The study was carried out for 35 days at Farm H. Noto Miharjo in Adiwarno Village, Buayan District, Kebumen Regency, Central Java. The research results showed that the live weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage were significantly impacted by closed-house cage density at the area near the outlet, although non-carcass percentage and abdominal fat were not significantly impacted. A closed house cage density of 12 birds per square meter at the area near the outlet can provide an optimal production of carcass, non-carcass, and abdominal fat.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Submission of a manuscript implies that the work described has not been published before or is under consideration for publication elsewhere (except in the form of an abstract). When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
How to Cite
Widjaya, N., Wasito, W., Suryanah, S., Akhdiat, T., Permana, H., Haroen, U., & Widyawati, S. D. (2023). The Effect of Closed House Density Near the Outlet on the Production of Carcass, Non-carcass, and Abdominal Fat of Finisher Broilers. ANIMAL PRODUCTION, 25(2), 118-122. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2023.25.2.224
References
Abudabos, AM, EM Samara, EOS Hussein, MQ Al-Ghadi, and RM Al-Atiyat. 2013. Impacts of stocking density on the performance and welfare of broiler chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 12(e11):66–71. http://doi.org/10.4081/IJAS.2013.E11
Al-Homidan, IH, JF Robertson, and AM Petchey. 2003. Review of the effect of ammonia and dust concentrations on broiler performance. World’s Poultry Science Journal. 59(3):340–349. http://doi.org/10.1079/WPS20030021
Ardana, IBK. 2017. Ternak broiler: Manajemen produksi dan penyakit. Swasta Nulus, Denpasar.
Ayoola, AA, OA Adeyemi, LT Egbeyale, OM Sogunle, and DA Ekunseiten. 2014. Effects of sex and stocking density on growth performance and some physiological traits of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Mal. J. Anim. Sci. 17(2):43–53.
Barruni, N, S Tantalo, D Septinova, and K Nova. 2020. The effect of stocking density on live weight, carcass, and giblet of broiler aged 14-28 days in closed house. Jurnal Riset Dan Inovasi Peternakan. 4(2):104–108. http://doi.org/10.23960//JRIP.2020.4.2.104
Brilianto, I, TA Sarjana, and R Murwani. 2019. The effect of zonation in closed house to red blood cells profile broilers. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science). 21(2):59–63. http://doi.org/10.25077/jpi.21.2.59-63.2019
Diyantoro, FA, TA Sarjana, and W Sarengat. 2018. Changes in ammonia emmisions in different zonation on closed house in the dry season affects Broiler chicken meat quality. Journal Animal Research and Applied Science. 1(1):11–14. http://doi.org/10.22219/ARAS.V1I1.8304
Fajrih, N, and M Khoiruddin. 2020. Utilization of gembili tuber as a natural prebiotic on the percentage carcass and abdominal fat of broiler. Jurnal Ternak. 11(1):8–17. http://doi.org/10.30736/jy.v11i1.62
Fausiah, A, ATBA Mahmud, SA Rab, U Masir, and MIA Dagong. 2020. Crossbreed broilers performance raised at different cages density. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science492. 492(012131):1–5. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/492/1/012131
Hameed, T, MA Bajwa, F Abbas, AW Sahota, MM Tariq, SH Khan, and FA Bokhari. 2012. Effect of housing system on production performances of different broiler breeder strains. Pakistan J. Zool. 44(6):1683–1687.
Haroen, U. 2003. Respon ayam broiler yang diberi tepung daun sengon (Albizzia falcataria) dalam ransum terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil karkas. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan. 6(1):34–41.
Herawati, and G Adiwinarto. 2012. Effective temperature at finisher phase to promote relative growth rate of broiler strain Cobb. International Journal of Poultry Science. 11(10):644–648. http://doi.org/10.3923/IJPS.2012.644.648
Jumiati, S, Nuraini, and R Aka. 2017. Bobot potong, karkas, giblet dan lemak abdominal ayam broiler yang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) dalam pakan. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis. 4(3):11–19. http://doi.org/10.33772/JITRO.V4I3.3634
Lara, LJ, and MH Rostagno. 2013. Impact of heat stress on poultry production. Animals. 3(2):356–369. http://doi.org/10.3390/ANI3020356
Mardewi, NK, NKS Rukmini, IGADS Rejeki, and NMAGR Astiti. 2019. The effect of cage density on the quality of broiler chicken meat. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1402(033058):1–5. http://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1402/3/033058
Muharlien, E Sudjarwo, DL Yulianti, AA Hamiyanti, and HS Prayogi. 2020. Comparative production performance of broiler under opened house and closed house system. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan. 30(1):86–91. http://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiip.2020.030.01.09
Nasr, MAF, ESMR Ali, and MA Hussein. 2017. Performance, carcass traits, meat quality and amino acid profile of different Japanese quails strains. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 54(13):4189–4196. http://doi.org/10.1007/S13197-017-2881-4/METRICS
Nasr, MAF, AQ Alkhedaide, AAI Ramadan, AEE Hafez, and MA Hussein. 2021. Potential impact of stocking density on growth, carcass traits, indicators of biochemical and oxidative stress and meat quality of different broiler breeds. Poultry Science. 100(11):1–12. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101442
Nurlia, S, H Hafid, and L Malesi. 2020. The weight of carcass and giblet of broiler with commercial and fermentation feed subtitution. Indonesian Journal Of Animal Agricultural Science (IJAAS). 2(2):53–63. http://doi.org/10.33772/ijaas.v2i2.12158
Pereira, JLS. 2017. Assessment of ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from broiler houses in Portugal. Atmospheric Pollution Research. 8(5):949–955. http://doi.org/10.1016/J.APR.2017.03.011
Pratikno, H. 2011. Lemak abdominal ayam broiler (Gallus sp.) karena pengaruh ekstrak kunyit (Curcuma domestica Vahl.). Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi. 13(1):17–24. http://doi.org/10.14710/BIOMA.13.1.17-24
Puspitasari, DK, O Sjofjan, and E Widodo. 2019. Influence of addition of banana corm in feed on carcass weight, carcass percentage, and abdominal fat of broiler. Jurnal Nutrisi Ternak Tropis. 2(1):33–41. http://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JNT.2019.002.01.4
Qurniawan, A, II Arief, and R Afnan. 2016. Broiler productions performance on the different breeding altitude in South Sulawesi. Jurnal Veteriner. 17(4):622–633. http://doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2016.17.4.622
Renata, R, TA Sarjana, and S Kismiati. 2018. Pengaruh zonasi dalam kandang closed house terhadap kadar amonia dan dampaknya pada kualitas daging broiler di musim penghujan. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan. 28(3):183–191. http://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiip.2018.028.03.01
Samsi, M, and IH Sulistiyawan. 2022. Pengaruh tingkat kepadatan close house terhadap bobot karkas dan persentase karkas ayam broiler Strain Cobb dan Ross. In Prosiding Seminar Teknologi dan Agribisnis Peternakan IX: Peluang dan Tantangan Pengembangan Peternakan Berbasis Sumberdaya Lokal untuk Mewujudkan Kedaulatan Pangan, Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman (pp. 295–300).
Saputra, TH, K Nova, and D Septinova. 2015. The effect of kinds of litter to live weight, carcass, giblet, and abdominal fat of broiler finisher phase at closed house. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu. 3(1):38–44. http://doi.org/10.23960/JIPT.V3I1.P
Setiadi, D, K Nova, and S Tantalo. 2013. The comparison of live weight, carcass, giblet, and abdominal fat of roosters medium type with different strain that given commercial broiler ration. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu. 1(2). http://doi.org/10.23960/JIPT.V1I2.P
Shakeri, M, and HH Le. 2022. Deleterious effects of heat stress on poultry production: Unveiling the benefits of betaine and polyphenols. Poultry. 1(3):147–156. http://doi.org/10.3390/poultry1030013
Subagia, IP, NK Mardewi, and IGADS Rejeki. 2019. Pengaruh kepadatan kandang terhadap berat dan persentase bagian karkas ayam broiler umur 5 5inggu. Gema Agro. 24(01):54–58. http://doi.org/10.22225/ga.24.1.1700.54-58
Suryanah, H Nur, and Anggraeni. 2016. Effects of rations with different cation-anion balances on carcass and giblet weight of broiler chickens. Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara. 2(1):1–8. http://doi.org/10.30997/jpnu.v2i1.298
Thema, KK, CM Mnisi, and V Mlambo. 2022. Stocking density-induced changes in growth performance, blood parameters, meat quality traits, and welfare of broiler chickens reared under semi-arid subtropical conditions. PLoS ONE. 17(10):1–13. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275811
Wahju, J. 2004. Ilmu nutrisi unggas. Yogyakarta: Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Wahyu, J. 2015. Ilmu nutrisi unggas. UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Widjaya, N, S Suryanah, T Akhdiat, H Permana, RF Christi, and M Yulianto. 2022. The effect of differences in closed house density on the outlet near zone on the finisher phase broiler performance. Bantara Journal of Animal Science. 4(1):1–9. http://doi.org/10.32585/BJAS.V4I1.2347
Yani, A, H Suhardiyanto, Erizal, and BP Purwanto. 2014. Design of stocking density of broilers for closed house in wet tropical climates. Media Peternakan. 37(1):17–23. http://doi.org/10.5398/medpet.2014.37.1.17
Young, LL, JK Northcutt, RJ Buhr, CE Lyon, and GO Ware. 2001. Effects of age, sex, and duration of postmortem aging on percentage yield of parts from broiler chicken carcasses. Poultry Science. 80(3):376–379. http://doi.org/10.1093/PS/80.3.376
Zuowei, S, L Yan, L Yuan, H Jiao, Z Song, Y Guo, and H Lin. 2011. Stocking density affects the growth performance of broilers in a sex-dependent fashion. Poultry Science. 90(7):1406–1415. http://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2010-01230
Al-Homidan, IH, JF Robertson, and AM Petchey. 2003. Review of the effect of ammonia and dust concentrations on broiler performance. World’s Poultry Science Journal. 59(3):340–349. http://doi.org/10.1079/WPS20030021
Ardana, IBK. 2017. Ternak broiler: Manajemen produksi dan penyakit. Swasta Nulus, Denpasar.
Ayoola, AA, OA Adeyemi, LT Egbeyale, OM Sogunle, and DA Ekunseiten. 2014. Effects of sex and stocking density on growth performance and some physiological traits of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Mal. J. Anim. Sci. 17(2):43–53.
Barruni, N, S Tantalo, D Septinova, and K Nova. 2020. The effect of stocking density on live weight, carcass, and giblet of broiler aged 14-28 days in closed house. Jurnal Riset Dan Inovasi Peternakan. 4(2):104–108. http://doi.org/10.23960//JRIP.2020.4.2.104
Brilianto, I, TA Sarjana, and R Murwani. 2019. The effect of zonation in closed house to red blood cells profile broilers. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science). 21(2):59–63. http://doi.org/10.25077/jpi.21.2.59-63.2019
Diyantoro, FA, TA Sarjana, and W Sarengat. 2018. Changes in ammonia emmisions in different zonation on closed house in the dry season affects Broiler chicken meat quality. Journal Animal Research and Applied Science. 1(1):11–14. http://doi.org/10.22219/ARAS.V1I1.8304
Fajrih, N, and M Khoiruddin. 2020. Utilization of gembili tuber as a natural prebiotic on the percentage carcass and abdominal fat of broiler. Jurnal Ternak. 11(1):8–17. http://doi.org/10.30736/jy.v11i1.62
Fausiah, A, ATBA Mahmud, SA Rab, U Masir, and MIA Dagong. 2020. Crossbreed broilers performance raised at different cages density. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science492. 492(012131):1–5. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/492/1/012131
Hameed, T, MA Bajwa, F Abbas, AW Sahota, MM Tariq, SH Khan, and FA Bokhari. 2012. Effect of housing system on production performances of different broiler breeder strains. Pakistan J. Zool. 44(6):1683–1687.
Haroen, U. 2003. Respon ayam broiler yang diberi tepung daun sengon (Albizzia falcataria) dalam ransum terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil karkas. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan. 6(1):34–41.
Herawati, and G Adiwinarto. 2012. Effective temperature at finisher phase to promote relative growth rate of broiler strain Cobb. International Journal of Poultry Science. 11(10):644–648. http://doi.org/10.3923/IJPS.2012.644.648
Jumiati, S, Nuraini, and R Aka. 2017. Bobot potong, karkas, giblet dan lemak abdominal ayam broiler yang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) dalam pakan. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis. 4(3):11–19. http://doi.org/10.33772/JITRO.V4I3.3634
Lara, LJ, and MH Rostagno. 2013. Impact of heat stress on poultry production. Animals. 3(2):356–369. http://doi.org/10.3390/ANI3020356
Mardewi, NK, NKS Rukmini, IGADS Rejeki, and NMAGR Astiti. 2019. The effect of cage density on the quality of broiler chicken meat. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1402(033058):1–5. http://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1402/3/033058
Muharlien, E Sudjarwo, DL Yulianti, AA Hamiyanti, and HS Prayogi. 2020. Comparative production performance of broiler under opened house and closed house system. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan. 30(1):86–91. http://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiip.2020.030.01.09
Nasr, MAF, ESMR Ali, and MA Hussein. 2017. Performance, carcass traits, meat quality and amino acid profile of different Japanese quails strains. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 54(13):4189–4196. http://doi.org/10.1007/S13197-017-2881-4/METRICS
Nasr, MAF, AQ Alkhedaide, AAI Ramadan, AEE Hafez, and MA Hussein. 2021. Potential impact of stocking density on growth, carcass traits, indicators of biochemical and oxidative stress and meat quality of different broiler breeds. Poultry Science. 100(11):1–12. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101442
Nurlia, S, H Hafid, and L Malesi. 2020. The weight of carcass and giblet of broiler with commercial and fermentation feed subtitution. Indonesian Journal Of Animal Agricultural Science (IJAAS). 2(2):53–63. http://doi.org/10.33772/ijaas.v2i2.12158
Pereira, JLS. 2017. Assessment of ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from broiler houses in Portugal. Atmospheric Pollution Research. 8(5):949–955. http://doi.org/10.1016/J.APR.2017.03.011
Pratikno, H. 2011. Lemak abdominal ayam broiler (Gallus sp.) karena pengaruh ekstrak kunyit (Curcuma domestica Vahl.). Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi. 13(1):17–24. http://doi.org/10.14710/BIOMA.13.1.17-24
Puspitasari, DK, O Sjofjan, and E Widodo. 2019. Influence of addition of banana corm in feed on carcass weight, carcass percentage, and abdominal fat of broiler. Jurnal Nutrisi Ternak Tropis. 2(1):33–41. http://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JNT.2019.002.01.4
Qurniawan, A, II Arief, and R Afnan. 2016. Broiler productions performance on the different breeding altitude in South Sulawesi. Jurnal Veteriner. 17(4):622–633. http://doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2016.17.4.622
Renata, R, TA Sarjana, and S Kismiati. 2018. Pengaruh zonasi dalam kandang closed house terhadap kadar amonia dan dampaknya pada kualitas daging broiler di musim penghujan. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan. 28(3):183–191. http://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiip.2018.028.03.01
Samsi, M, and IH Sulistiyawan. 2022. Pengaruh tingkat kepadatan close house terhadap bobot karkas dan persentase karkas ayam broiler Strain Cobb dan Ross. In Prosiding Seminar Teknologi dan Agribisnis Peternakan IX: Peluang dan Tantangan Pengembangan Peternakan Berbasis Sumberdaya Lokal untuk Mewujudkan Kedaulatan Pangan, Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman (pp. 295–300).
Saputra, TH, K Nova, and D Septinova. 2015. The effect of kinds of litter to live weight, carcass, giblet, and abdominal fat of broiler finisher phase at closed house. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu. 3(1):38–44. http://doi.org/10.23960/JIPT.V3I1.P
Setiadi, D, K Nova, and S Tantalo. 2013. The comparison of live weight, carcass, giblet, and abdominal fat of roosters medium type with different strain that given commercial broiler ration. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu. 1(2). http://doi.org/10.23960/JIPT.V1I2.P
Shakeri, M, and HH Le. 2022. Deleterious effects of heat stress on poultry production: Unveiling the benefits of betaine and polyphenols. Poultry. 1(3):147–156. http://doi.org/10.3390/poultry1030013
Subagia, IP, NK Mardewi, and IGADS Rejeki. 2019. Pengaruh kepadatan kandang terhadap berat dan persentase bagian karkas ayam broiler umur 5 5inggu. Gema Agro. 24(01):54–58. http://doi.org/10.22225/ga.24.1.1700.54-58
Suryanah, H Nur, and Anggraeni. 2016. Effects of rations with different cation-anion balances on carcass and giblet weight of broiler chickens. Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara. 2(1):1–8. http://doi.org/10.30997/jpnu.v2i1.298
Thema, KK, CM Mnisi, and V Mlambo. 2022. Stocking density-induced changes in growth performance, blood parameters, meat quality traits, and welfare of broiler chickens reared under semi-arid subtropical conditions. PLoS ONE. 17(10):1–13. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275811
Wahju, J. 2004. Ilmu nutrisi unggas. Yogyakarta: Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Wahyu, J. 2015. Ilmu nutrisi unggas. UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Widjaya, N, S Suryanah, T Akhdiat, H Permana, RF Christi, and M Yulianto. 2022. The effect of differences in closed house density on the outlet near zone on the finisher phase broiler performance. Bantara Journal of Animal Science. 4(1):1–9. http://doi.org/10.32585/BJAS.V4I1.2347
Yani, A, H Suhardiyanto, Erizal, and BP Purwanto. 2014. Design of stocking density of broilers for closed house in wet tropical climates. Media Peternakan. 37(1):17–23. http://doi.org/10.5398/medpet.2014.37.1.17
Young, LL, JK Northcutt, RJ Buhr, CE Lyon, and GO Ware. 2001. Effects of age, sex, and duration of postmortem aging on percentage yield of parts from broiler chicken carcasses. Poultry Science. 80(3):376–379. http://doi.org/10.1093/PS/80.3.376
Zuowei, S, L Yan, L Yuan, H Jiao, Z Song, Y Guo, and H Lin. 2011. Stocking density affects the growth performance of broilers in a sex-dependent fashion. Poultry Science. 90(7):1406–1415. http://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2010-01230